Zvakawanda Sei Iwe Unoziva Nezve Aya Mafomu eSimbi-chimiro?

Sezvatakafukidza mana makuru makuru masisitimu musimbi yakagadzirwaindasitiri kekupedzisira, EHSS icharamba ichikutora iwe kuti uongorore simbi zvimiro munyaya iyi. Muzvivakwa zvemazuva ano, zvine kukura kwemaitiro akaomarara uye zvinoremerwa zvinotakura, mafomu ezvimiro akadai sematehwe ereti, tambo dzekumisa, matanda etambo zvimiro uye kongiri-akazadzwa nesimbi machubhu akaiswa zvakanyanya. Mhando dzesimbi dzakaunzwa mune ino nyaya dzese dzinowanzo shandiswa muinjiniya ane mature tekinoroji masisitimu uye anowirirana anotsigira zviyero, achitonga iwo akapatsanurwa minda.

Latticed shell structure, sezita rinoratidza, igridhi yakakombama yakaita segoko rezai. Chimiro chayo chepakati chiri mukukwanisa kuumba mahombe-akakomberedzwa maumbirwo akadai semadhome nemaarch. Kuzvikudza kutaridzika kwakanaka uye kusimba kwesimba rinoshanda, rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhombe dzemitambo, nzvimbo dzekuratidzira, mapuraneti uye botanical greenhouses.

Zvimiro zvekumisikidza zvinotora tambo dzesimbi dzakasimba sezvinhu zvepakati uye dzinoona nzvimbo dzakakura nekushandisa tambo inorema yetambo. Iwo anoratidza yakakura-yakakura kutenderera kugona, kureruka kurema uye yakaderera kushandiswa kwesimbi, uye inonyanya kugamuchirwa mabhiriji ekumisikidzwa, nhandare huru, nhandare dzendege uye mamwe mapurojekiti.

Cable-membrane chimiro ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye inonyanya kushandiswa mhando pakati pese membrane zvimiro, inoumbwa ne membrane zvinhu pamwe nezvikamu zvesimbi kana simbi simbi. Iyo membrane machira anowanzo kuputirwa nePTFE kana PVC. Inoratidzira huremu huremu, simba repamusoro uye kuchinjika kukuru kuumba yakaoma yemahara-fomu yakakomberedzwa nzvimbo, inowanzoshandiswa kune canopies, kuisirwa nzvimbo, zviteshi zvekubhadharisa uye nzvimbo dzinopisa.

Chimiro chinotsigirwa netambo chinoumbwa neakaomesesa ekumusoro chords uye anochinjika ezasi tambo tambo dzakabatanidzwa ne struts, uko dzakaomarara chords epamusoro kazhinji matanda esimbi kana trusses, saka inogona zvakare kududzirwa sechimiro chinoumbwa nekubatanidza matanda esimbi kana trusses netambo dzesimbi kuburikidza ne struts. Iyo tambo yetambo chimiro ndiyo yakajairika uye yakajairwa fomu yeiyi structural system ine yakasimba web simbi matanda sezvikamu zvayo zvepamusoro. Inoratidzira yekuzvienzanisa uye kugona kwakanakisa kutenderera, zvivakwa zvinotsigirwa netambo zvinonyanya kuiswa kumatenga akareba-refu uye materminal airport.

Concrete-yakazadzwa nesimbi chubhu chimiro chinoreva chimiro chine kongiri yakazadzwa mukati memachubhu esimbi kuvandudza zvakanyanya kubereka kugona uye ductility. Iyo inoratidzira yakakwira kutakura kugona uye yakanaka ductility, uye inonyanya kushandiswa senhengo dzekumanikidza mune yepamusoro-yepamusoro-kukwira mbiru dzekuvaka, arch mabhiriji uye refu-span zvimiro.

Mafuremu epasuo, mafuremu esimbi, marata esimbi uye zvimiro zvegidhi zvakadudzwa muchikamu chakapfuura zvinozvirumbidza nehukuru hwemusika uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwepasirese, achishanda sesarudzo dzepamusoro kumafekitori madiki nepakati, zvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro uye matenga akakura akakura. Kusiyana neizvi, magomba akachekwa, zvimiro zvekumisikidza, tambo-membrane zvimiro, matanda etambo zvimiro uye kongiri-yakazadzwa nesimbi chubhu zvimiro zvakafukidzwa mune ino nyaya akashongedzerwa ma sub-system akagadzirirwa mamiriro anosanganisira akakosha spans, super-kukwira zvivakwa, lightweight enclosures uye composite mamiriro ekushushikana, uye iwo zvakare anomiririra masisitimu akakurumbira nowaday masisitimu.

Zvosesimbi yekugadzira masisitimuakafukidzwa muzvikamu zviviri zvine zvakanakira zvakasiyana uye zvinopindirana, pamwe chete kugadzira yakakwana tekinoroji spectrum yezvino simbi chimiro engineering. Kunyanya, chimiro chesimbi chesimbi chinoisa hwaro hweiyo braced steel frame structure; akachekwa mabhomba uye nzvimbo grid ese ari maviri anowira muchikamu che spatial gidhi zvimiro sezvimiro zvakafanana; kuturika, tambo-membrane uye tambo-yakatsigirwa zvivakwa zvinogona kusanganiswa ne trusses uye grids kuti aumbe-refu-span masisitimu; inotonhora-yakaumbwa yakaonda-yakakomberedzwa simbi zvivakwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa mune lightweight simbi kuvaka masisitimu; uye kongiri-yakazadzwa nesimbi chubhu zvimiro ndeyesimbi-kongiri inoumbwa inotakura mitoro inotakura masisitimu.

Paunenge uchisarudza mhando dzemapurojekiti anoshanda, kuongororwa kwakazara kuchaitwa zvichienderana nemabasa ekuvaka, mamiriro enguva, zviratidzo zvehupfumi uye zvinodiwa zvehurongwa hwekuvaka kuti uone mhinduro yakakwana. Ramba wakatarisaEHSSnzira dzepamutemo dzeimwe nyanzvi yesimbi chimiro tekinoroji inogadziridza. Nemakore makumi maviri nerimwe ekuzvitsaurira kugadzira simbi yekugadzira uye kuisirwa, isu tinoendesa yakazara-yekuita tekinoroji rutsigiro kumapurojekiti ako ane akasimba hunyanzvi hunyanzvi.