Braced Steel Frame System: Nei Zvivakwa Zvepamusoro Zvikamira Zvakasimba?

Zvichisundwa nekushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvepasi zvemazuva ano uye kumanikidzana nekukura kwevanhu, kuvaka kwakamira kwave kuita zvisingadzivisiki muzvivakwa zvemazuva ano. Midziyo mirefu yemazuva ano inokwira mudenga uye inomira mirefu. Chii chinodziita kuti dzirambe dzakatsiga pakurwisana nemhepo ine simba mutroposphere uye chinodzigonesa kukurira kudengenyeka kwenyika zvakakotsekana? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kune bracedsimbi furemu system.

Zvechinyakare zvakachena furemu zvimiro zvine anochinjika pasi marongero uye yakakwirira nzvimbo kushandiswa. Zvisinei, kana kukwirira kwechivako kwapfuura imwe muganhu, kukanganisa kwavo kwekusakwana kwemashure ekuoma kwemaitiro kuchabuda. Pane mhinduro mbiri dzekutanga dzekugadzirisa nyaya iyi: kuwedzera zvikamu-zvikamu zvematanda nemakoramu, kana kuisa masisitimu ekusimbisa. Iyo yekutanga ichaita kuti kukwira kwakanyanya mukushandiswa kwesimbi, nepo iyo yekupedzisira ichizvirumbidza yepamusoro-inoshanda. Naizvozvo, braced simbi furemu masisitimu ndiyo yakanyanya kusarudzwa yezvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro.

Iyo yakakosha logic yeiyo braced simbi furemu system iri mukurongeka kwakarongeka kwenhengo dzekusimbisa kuti dziumbe nzira yekubatana inotakura mitoro: furemu yesimbi inotakura mitoro yakatwasuka nepo mabhureki achiramba masimba akachinjika. Chivako chehofisi muXiamen chinotora simbi-yakatarisana nebrace structural system. Road-bearing buckling-retrained braces (BRBs) anoiswa pazasi pechivako, ayo anonyatso shandisa ductility zvakanakira zvimiro zvesimbi uye inovandudza zvakanyanya kuita seismic kwechimiro.

Kune matatu makuru makuru emhando dzebracedsimbi furemu masisitimu. Iyo Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF) ndiyo yakanyanya dhizaini yekumisikidza, ine musimboti hunhu ndeyekuti centroidal matemo enhengo dzebracing anopindirana nepakati pedanda-column majoini. Iine kuomarara kwepamusoro uye inogona kunyatso kudzora yakachinjika kutamiswa. Musiyano weEccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) kubva kuCBF iri mukumisikidzwa kwemasanhu ayo ekubatira, ayo anoigonesa kusanganisa kuomarara kwepamusoro kweiyo concentric braces uye ductility kukodzera kwemafuremu akachena. Mafuremu anobvisa magetsi anotsamira pakurasa simba uye midziyo yekunyorovesa kuti iumbe yakanakira lateral force-resisting system.

Muuinjiniya hunoshanda, Buckling-Restrained Brace (BRB) ndiyo mhinduro iripo uye musiyano wakakwidziridzwa wemafuremu akanyatso braced. Iyo inobvisa iyo buckling kutadza nyaya yechinyakare concentric braces pasi pekumanikidza uye kukotama. Inoumbwa nesimbi yepakati ndiro, yekunze inodzivirira chubhu uye isina kusungirirwa yekuzadza zvinhu, maBRB anobereka pasi pemutoro pasina kubhuroka kuti aparadze simba, kuwana yakaenzana tensile uye inomanikidza kubereka simba pamwe nekureba hysteretic kuita.

Kunze kwezvo, CBF inonyanya kusanganisira Diagonal Bracing, Chevron Bracing (Inverted V-Bracing), V-Bracing, X-Bracing (Cross Bracing) uye K-Bracing. EBF inonyanya kuve neD-mhando (gedhi-rudzi), K-mhando, V-mhando uye Y-mhando bracings.

Iyo chaiyo fomu ye bracedsimbi furemu masisitimuichasarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekudengenyeka uye kureba kwechivako. Kazhinji kutaura, mabrace echinyakare anoratidza mutengo wakaderera uye kuoma kwakanyanya, eccentric braces inopa yakanaka ductility uye yakasimba simba rekubvisa simba, uye mabhureki anodzorwa mabhureki anoburitsa epamusoro seismic kuita. Braced steel furemu masisitimu anogonesa zvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro uye zvepamusoro-soro kurwisa mhepo ine simba uye kudengenyeka kwenyika, uye zvakare inopa yakavimbika zvigadziriso zvigadziriso zvekusimudzira dhorobha. Nemakore makumi maviri nerimwe eruzivo rwakakura, EHSS inyanzvi inogadzira inyanzvi mukugadzira uye kuisirwa zvinhu zvesimbi. Ramba wakatarisa kuEHSS kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi nezve zvivakwa zvesimbi.