Maitirwo Ekuvaka Maitirwo eSimbi Zvimiro (Simbi Mafuremu)

1. Steel Frame Lifting Check (Hoisting Calculation)

I. Dhiagiramu Inosimudza

Nhengo:Steel Beam H500×200×10×16, Kureba L = 12.0 m

Nzvimbo dzekusimudza:Gara paL / 4 kubva kumagumo ega ega

Sling angle:α ≈ 60°

II. Load Calculation

1. Kuzvirema kweBeam:
G = ρ × V = 78.5 kN/m³ × 0.212 m³/m × 12.0 m = 199.9 kN

2. Dynamic Load Factor:Tora 1.1

3. Huremu hweSlings:Hazvina hanya (zvisina basa)

4. Yese Mutoro Unosimudza:
P = G × 1.1 = 219.9 kN

5. Sling Tension (Balanced Load):
T = P / (2 × cos α) = 219.9 / (2 × cos 60°) = 219.9 kN

III. Sling Safety Check

1. Rudzi rwechipfuramabwe:φ20 simbi waya tambo, kutyora mutoro Fb = 360 kN

2. Safety Factor (n):
n = Fb / T = 360 / 219.9 = 1.64 > 1.25

Inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakajairwa!

Tarisa Mhedziso:
Basa rekusimudza rakachengeteka uye rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekodhi.

Reference Standards

• Kodhi yekuvakwa kweSimbi Zvimiro (GB 50755-2012)

• Technical Code yeChengetedzo yekusimudza nekusimudza mukuvaka (JGJ 276-2012)

Safety Notes:

1. Tarisa danda resimbi, tambo dzewaya, uye maturusi ekusimudza usati wasimudza kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvakachengeteka uye zvakavimbika.

2. Rongedza munhu akazvipira kuti atungamirire nzira yekusimudza. Hapana munhu angamira pasi pedanda rakasimudzwa.

3. Rega kusimudza basa nekukurumidza kana mhepo inomhanya ichisvika paNhamba 6 kana kupfuura.

2. Steel Frame Installation uye Inspection - Steel Beam Installation

Simudza danda resimbi munzvimbo yaro yakarongwa, wozoongorora uye kubvumidza majoini ekubatanidza kuti uone kuti mhando yekuisa inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

[Inset Tag paColumn: Steel Beam Installation Inspection | Project Name: Workshop #1 | Zuva Rokuongorora | Inspector]

3. Steel Frame Installation uye Inspection - Steel Roof Truss Installation

1. 3D BIM Simulation:Tevedzera iyo simbi yedenga truss yekumisikidza kuvandudza chirongwa chekusimudza uye kurongeka kwekuisa.

2. Roof Truss Kusimudza:Shandisa crane yerori kusimudza truss uye woiisa zvishoma nezvishoma munzvimbo uchiichengeta pakati.

3. Positioning & Temporary Fixing:Mushure mokunge denga remba riri panzvimbo, richengetedze kwekanguva uye gadzirisa nzvimbo yaro uye urefu (kukwirira).

4. High-Simba Bolt Connection:Simbisa mabhoti epamusoro-soro maererano nemitemo yekugadzira kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatana kwakasimba.

5. Kuiswa Kuongorora:Tarisa kureba kwetruss, kureba, kukotama (kutsauka), uye kurongeka kwakatwasuka kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti vanosangana nekodhi.

6. Chinyorwa Chekuongorora:Mushure mokupfuura kuongorora, zadza fomu rekodhi uye enda kune imwe nhanho yekuvaka.

Steel Roof Truss Installation Inspection Record

Inspection Item	Kukanganisa kunobvumirwa (mm)	Kuyerwa Kukosha (mm)	Check Result
Truss Span (L)	±10	—	√ (Pasa)
Truss Height (Kukwidziridzwa)	±5	—	√ (Pasa)
Truss Bending (Kutsauka)	L / 750	—	√ (Pasa)
Truss Vertical Alignment	H / 1000	—	√ (Pasa)
Support Position	±5	—	√ (Pasa)
Yakakwirira-Simba Bolt Torque	Inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira	—	√ (Pasa)

Key Control Points:

Tarisa zvese zvinopinda simbi zvidimbu pane saiti kuti uone mhando yavo, saizi, uye weld mhando;
Shandisa yakachengeteka uye inoshanda chirongwa chekusimudza kuti uve nechokwadi chekusimudza kuchengetedzwa;
Rongedza uye gadzirisa truss mushure mekunge yaiswa panzvimbo;
Simbisa mabhoti ese akakwirira-akasimba uye edza torque yavo zvinoenderana nekodhi;
Ita ongororo izere kuti uone kuti iyo yakaiswa chimiro inosangana nezvose dhizaini uye kodhi zvinodiwa.

4. Steel Frame Installation uye Inspection - Inclined Steel Beam Installation

Mifananidzo Yakatorwa mavara:Pamusoro-Kuruboshwe Inset: 3D BIM Maonero | Pazasi-Kuruboshwe Inset: Kuiswa Tarisa | Mufananidzo Mukuru: Kubatana Kwepamusoro, Beam Yesimbi Yakanyungudutswa (Diagonal Brace), Yezasi Yekubatanidza Joint

Simbi Yekumisikidza uye Kuongorora - Yakaiswa Simbi Beam Kuiswa

1. Pre-Instalation Check:Tarisa nhamba yechikamu, saizi, nzvimbo dzegomba rebhaudhi, uye nzira yekubatanidza plate. Ita shuwa kuti nzvimbo dzekusangana dzakati sandara, dzakachena, uye hadzina mabhura kana mafuta.

2. Kusimudza uye Mamiriro:Shandisa mapoinzi maviri ekusimudza kusimudza danda rakarerekera zvishoma nezvishoma munzvimbo. Igadzirise kwechinguva uye ita shuwa kuti majoini ekumusoro neepasi anoenderana nemazvo nembiru yesimbi uye danda.

3. Kurongeka uye Kugadzirisa:Gadzirisa nzvimbo yepakati, kureba, uye kurongeka kwakatwasuka kwedanda rakarerekera kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Pedzisa kubatana kwechigarire mushure mekugadzirisa.

4. Nzira yekubatanidza:Batanidza nepamusoro-simba mabhaudhi. Zvisungenise zvakaenzana kubva pakati kuenda kunze kuenda kumativi ese sezvinodiwa nedhizaini, uye maka bhaudhi rega rega mushure mekusimbisa kwekupedzisira kupfuura kuongororwa.

5. Kuiswa Kuongorora:Tarisa nzvimbo yepakati, kureba, kurongeka kwakatwasuka, kusimba kweplate, uye kusimba kwebhaudhi. Zvese zvinofanirwa kusangana neKodhi yekugamuchirwa kweKuvaka Kwemhando yeSimbi Zvimiro (GB 50205).

5. Steel Frame Installation uye Inspection - Steel Column Installation

1. Cheki Yekutanga:Tarisa uone kana nzvimbo dzekubatisa bhaudhi, kureba kwehwaro, uye zviyero zvehwaro zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

2. Vertical Alignment Check:Shandisa chiteshi chese, laser plumb, kana kuti yakatwasuka nhanho kutarisa kuti yakatwasuka sei (yakatwasuka) iyo simbi mbiru yakamira sei.

3. Kutarisa Hunhu Hwekubatanidza:Tarisa uone kana mabhaudhi akasimba-akasimba, mawelds, uye mahwendefa ekubatanidza anosangana nezvinodiwa.

Maitiro ekuvaka:1. Kugadzirira Basa → 2. Simudza & Isa Simbi Column → 3. Isa & Chengetedza → 4. Kuongorora & Kubvuma

6. Steel Frame Installation - Truss Structure Installation (3D BIM Diagram)

Installation process Flow:Ongororo & Kumaka → Tsigiro Tarisa → Simudza & Nzvimbo → Kugadzirisa Kwenguva → Kugadzirisa & Kugadzirisa → Yakakwirira-Simba Bolt Kubatanidza → Welding (kana zvichidikanwa)

Key Kuisa Points:

Usati wasimudza, kaviri-tarisa tsigiro yepakati, kureba, uye yakamisikidzwa chikamu zvinzvimbo;
Batanidza tambo dzekutungamira mhepo (taglines) panguva yekusimudza kuchengetedza truss yakasimba;
Rongedza uye chengetedza kwenguva pfupi truss mushure mekuiswa kudzivirira kukotama kana kukanganisa;
High-simba bhaudhi yekubatanidza inofanirwa kutevedzera dhizaini uye kodhi mitemo uye kusimbiswa kune inodiwa torque;
Weld mhando inofanirwa kusangana nemitemo iri muCode yekugamuchirwa kweKuvaka Hunhu hweSimbi Zvimiro (GB 50205).

Makiyi Ekuongorora Mapoinzi (Saiti Mifananidzo):

1. Kutsigira & Joint Check

Tarisa zvinzvimbo uye hurefu hwemabhaudhi ekutsigira, mahwendefa eshim, uye zvikamu zvakadzimirirwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.

2. Truss Alignment Check

Shandisa chiteshi chese kuyera iyo yepakati, kureba, uye kukotama kwetruss, uye kugadzirisa kugadzirisa.

3. High-Simba Bolt Check

Tarisa nhamba, saizi, uye torque yemabhaudhi akasimba, uye edza zvakare sezvinodiwa nekodhi.

Cherechedza:Iyo truss chimiro muchirongwa ichi chakafanounganidzwa mufekitori uye chinosimudzwa muzvikamu pane saiti kuti ive nechokwadi chekuisa, mhando, uye chengetedzo.

7. Steel Frame & Profiled Metal Roof Sheet Kuiswa uye Kuongorora

Steel Frame Kuiswa uye Kuongorora

(Labels: Beam Lifting, Positioning, High-Simba Bolts, Vertical & Height Check, Joint Quality Check)

1. Inopinda Chikamu Cheki:Tarisa kunaka kwezvinhu, saizi, mamiriro epamusoro uye kutwasanuka. Isa chete mushure mekupfuura kuongororwa.

2. Kudzora Maitiro:Kudzora chikamu chinzvimbo, kureba, vertical alignment, uye bhaudhi kusimba panguva yekuisa.

3. Zvinhu Zvokuongorora:Centerline chinzvimbo, kureba, vertical alignment, flat flatness, uye bolt yekubatanidza mhando.

4. Quality Standard:Inofanirwa kusangana neKodhi yekugamuchirwa kweKuvaka Kwemhando yeSimbi Zvimiro (GB 50205-2020).

Profiled Metal Roof Sheet Installation & Inspection

(Mazita: Metal Roof Sheet, Lap Joint, Self-Tapping Screw Fixing, Flashing Trim)

1. Kuongorora kwezvinhu:Tarisa chimiro chepaneru, ukobvu, kupfeka, uye ruvara. Shandisa chete mushure mekupfuura kuongorora.

2. Mitemo yekuisa:Batanidza mapaneru nemazvo uye woagadzirisa zvakasimba. Chengetedza screw spacing mukati memiganho yakajairwa, pasina masiruu anoshaikwa kana akarasika.

3. Zvinhu Zvokuongorora:Denga rakapfava, hupamhi hwekupindirana, nzvimbo yekusungirira, uye ruzivo rwekudzivirira mvura.

4. Quality Standard:Inofanirwa kusangana neTechnical Code yeMetal Roof Engineering (GB 50345-2012).

8. Steel Frame Installation uye Inspection - Steel Stairs uye Handrail Installation

1. Yakapedzwa Matanho eSimbi uye Maoko (Site Photo)

2. 3D BIM Model (Simbi Stairs uye Handrails)

3. Steel Stair Installation (Saiti Basa)

4. Kuiswa kweHandrail (Saiti Basa)

5. Kuiswa Kwemhando Yekuongorora (Site Tarisa)

Mirayiridzo:

Usati waisa simbi masitepisi uye handrails, kaviri-tarisa chikamu zviyero, kureba, uye marongerwo centerlines;
Paunenge uchishandisa mabhaudhi ekubatanidza, tarisa saizi yebhaudhi, huwandu, uye torque kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatana kwakasimba;
Akaiswa handrails anofanirwa kuve akasimba uye akatwasuka, ane akazara uye akatsetseka welds anoenderana nedhizaini uye kodhi zvinodiwa;
Ita ongororo yemhando mushure mekuisa uye uzadze rekodhi yekuongorora kuti uone kunaka kweprojekiti.

Steel structureesanoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumusika wekuvaka wemazuva ano kuvaka mafuremu ekuvaka, uye anozove sarudzo huru yezvivakwa zvekuvaka zvekutanga mune ramangwana. Zvivako zvesimbi zvine akawanda madiki-zvikamu, zvimiro zvemhando, uye zvikamu zvezvikamu. Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwemagadzirirwo, iwo akakamurwa kuita mana makuru marudzi: portal mafuremu, nzvimbo grids, trusses, uye furemu zvimiro.