8 Yepamusoro Technical Mibvunzo NezveSimbi Mamiriro Ekugadzira uye Kutadza Ongororo

Muvhoriyamu yapfuura, takatsanangura pfungwa nomwe dzakakosha dzinosanganisira slenderness ratio, diaphragm athari, shear lag uye deflection muganho, tichitarisa pane zvakakosha misoro senge kugadzikana kwenhengo, kutakurwa kwemutoro uye chikamu chechikamu.

Sechipiri vhoriyamu yenyanzvi iyisimbi yakagadzirwaQ&A nhevedzano, chinyorwa ichi chinoenderera mberi nechapfuura uye chinoongorora zvakadzama muzvidzidzo zvine hunyanzvi zvinofukidza maitiro ekugadzira, zvivakwa zvezvinhu uye nzira dzekutadza, zvinosanganisira dhizaini yepurasitiki, mashandisiro eiyo post-buckling simba, yechipiri-odha kuongororwa, Bauschinger mhedzisiro uye brittle fracture.

Q1. Ndeipi musimboti wakakosha weplastic dhizaini nzira?

Iyo yepurasitiki yekugadzira nzira inoshanda kune statically indeterminate simbi zvivakwa. Kana kushushikana kuri munzvimbo dzakatemerwa dzenhengo dzezvimiro kunosvika pakusimba kwesimbi, mahinji epurasitiki anoumba, zvichigonesa kugovanisa simba remukati rechimiro chese. Kudzora kwakasimba kunofanirwa kuitwa mukati mekuverenga kuti udzivise kuumbwa kweiyo inoshanduka masisitimu kana yakawandisa dhizaini deformation.

Q2. Inoshanda Misiyano pakati peMakona Braces uye Diagonal Braces

Makona braces anoshanda sekunze-kwe-ndege anotsigira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwepasirese kwesimbi matanda; diagonal braces inogamuchirwa kudzora iyo yakazara lateral deformation yechimiro.

Q3. Tsanangudzo yeNdege yeMaximum Stiffness

Iyo ndege iyo muchinjiko-chikamu chinotenderera pamusoro peakisi yayo huru inotsanangurwa sendege yekuoma kwakanyanya. Zvikamu zvizhinji zvesimbi zvine maekisi makuru maviri ane centroidal: hombe axis ine nguva yakakura yeinertia uye diki axis ine kanguva kadiki ke inertia.

Q4. Pfungwa yePost-Buckling Strength

Kana buckling yemunharaunda ikaitika muwebhu yenhengo inoshanduka, chikamu hachizorasikirwa nehukuru hwayo hwekutakura mitoro ipapo ipapo, uye imwe yakasara inotakura kuita inogona kuchengetwa. Iyo dhizaini yedhizaini iyo inoshandisa zvizere uye inoshandisa iyo yakasara simba inozivikanwa senzira yekugadzira yakavakirwa pawebhu post-buckling simba.

Q5. Tsanangudzo yeChipiri-Yekurongeka Nguva uye Yechipiri-Odha Elastoplastic Analysis

Ongororo yakajairwa mutsara inofuratira iyo imwe nguva yekukotama inokonzereswa neiyo deformation yemaitiro. Kusiyana neizvi, kuongorora kwechipiri-kurongeka (geometric nonlinear analysis) inofunga nezvekuwedzera kwekukotama nguva inogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemaitiro pasi pemitoro, apo hukama huri pakati pemutoro uye deformation hunopa maitiro asina kufanana. Pahwaro uhwu, yechipiri-odha elastoplastic ongororo inoenderera mberi ichibatanidza zvinhu zvisiri mutsara elastoplastic maitiro esimbi mushure mekubereka kuverengera kwepasi rose kwemaitiro.

Q6. Chii chinonzi Bauschinger Effect?

Mushure mekunge simbi yaiswa pasi pekuremerwa kuti ibudise deformation yepurasitiki uye yozoburutswa, simba rayo regoho rinodzikira pasi pekurodha kunotevera, uye kusagadziriswa kwepurasitiki kunoramba kuripo mushure mekuburutsa. Ichi chinhu chivakwa chinonzi Bauschinger effect.

Q7. Kugadzira Mechanism yeLamellar Kubvarura

Residual stress inomuka kubva mukutonhodza shrinkage ye weld seams mushure mewelding. Mahwendefa esimbi akatetepa kana asingadzoreki anogona kuwedzera uye kubvumirana zvakasununguka kuti asunungure kushushikana kwemukati. Nekudaro, mahwendefa akakora kana mapaneru akaomeswa anodzorwa nezvikamu zviri padyo uye haagone kudzikira zvakasununguka, zvichiunza kushushikana kukuru kwekushushikana kwakanangana nepamusoro peplate. Kushushikana kwenzvimbo munzvimbo dzakadzorwa zvakanyanya kunogona kuve kwakapetwa simba regoho resimbi, zvichizopedzisira zvaita kuti ndiro ibvaruke ichitevedza ukobvu hwayo, iyo inotsanangurwa sekubvaruka kwelamellar.

Q8. Ndeupi Rudzi rweKutadza Modhi inonzi Brittle Fracture?

Brittle fracture inoreva kukundikana kwemaitiro kamwe kamwe pasina maprecursor ari pachena. Iko kushushikana chaiko pamuchinjiko-pakutsemuka kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura simba regoho uye kusimba kwesimbi. Iyi yekutadza modhi inotangira kubva mukuenderera mberi kwekupararira kwemukati diki hurema mukati mesimbi uye isina kugadzikana kukurumidza kuwedzera kwekutsemuka. Kamwe makatsemuka asvika pakukura kwakakosha, anozowedzera nekumhanya kwakanyanya, pasina purasitiki deformation yambiro isati yatadza, zvichikonzera njodzi dzakanyanya.

Mashoko Ekuvhara

Kudzokorora mavhoriyamu maviri: yekutanga vhoriyamu inomira pakugadzikana kwenhengo, nepo yechipiri inotarisa pamaitiro ekugadzira uye nzira dzekukundikana. Kubatanidzwa pamwe chete, ivo vanovhara zvakanyanya zvinonetsa mukatisimbi yakagadzirwaengineering: maitiro ekuona kugadzikana kwenhengo, maitiro ekuita kuverenga kwemaitiro, uye kuti zvinhu zvinotadza sei. Izvi zvinhu zvitatu zvinodyidzana zvinoumba hwaro hweruzivo rwemagadzirirwo esimbi.

Zvinotarisirwa kuti mavhoriyamu maviri aya anogona kubatsira vaverengi kumisikidza yakajeka yepfungwa sisitimu, ichivabvumira kuona nemazvo mamiriro einjiniya matambudziko uye nekukasira kuona nzira dzinoenderana dzekuongorora pavanosangana nenyaya dzinoshanda. Vaverengi vanogamuchirwa kutaurirana uye kukurukura mamwe anovhiringa matekiniki pfungwa anowanikwa mubasa remazuva ese.