Zvakavanzika zveSimbi Chimiro Dhizaini

Simbi chimirodhizaini chirango chakazara chinoshandiswa chinobatanidza theoretical mechanics, mechanics ezvishandiso uye zvimiro mechanics. Zvinotora misimboti yemakanika sehwaro, mechanics ezvishandiso sehwaro hwaro, uye magadzirirwo makanika serutsigiro rwakakosha, pakupedzisira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuvaka zvemapurojekiti esimbi anosanganisira kuchengetedza, kuvimbika, kurongeka kwehupfumi, kusimba, kushanda uye kuvaka kwakanaka.

I. Mavambo

Kuumbwa kwechizvino-zvino simbi dhizaini inotsamira panheyo mbiri dzakakosha: yakakura-chiyero kushandiswa kwesimbi uye kuvandudzwa kweiyo theoretical system yemakanika. Kufarirwa kwesimbi kunopa zvinhu zvakavimbika zveinjiniya zvekuvaka zvimiro, ukuwo kukura kwemakanika dzidziso kunogadza magadzirirwo esainzi. Kuzadzisa nekuvandudza synergistically, izvo zviviri zvinoisa rudiment yemazuva ano simbi dhizaini.

Iyo Industrial Revolution yakawedzera kuwanda kwemaindasitiri kugadzirwa kwesimbi, ichityora zvipimo zvekuita zvechinyakare zvekuvaka. Pahwaro uhwu, theoretical mechanics inogadza nzira yekuenzanisa yekumanikidza kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwese uye anti-kupidigura kuita kwezvivakwa; mechanics emidziyo inotsanangura zvinodikanwa zvekusimba kwechikamu uye kuomarara kudzivirira njodzi dzakadai sekuputsika uye deformation yakawandisa yenhengo dzesimbi; structural mechanics inogadzirisa nzira dzekuongorora dzekugadzikana kwehurongwa kudzivirira kusagadzikana uye kuparara kwechimiro chese.

Muchidimbu, musimboti weiyo simbi dhizaini dhizaini kutora simbi semutakuri wezvimiro uye mekiniki dzidziso sehwaro hwekugadzira, kuitira kuti uone kubatanidzwa kwehupenyu hwezvinhu zvezvinhu uye masimboti emuchina. Iwowo muenzaniso wakajairwa weiyo yakazara mashandisiro emultidisciplinary mechaniki ruzivo muinjiniya maitiro.

II. Theoretical Connection

Simbi yekugadzira dhizaini haipo mune yega; pachinzvimbo, ndiwo mhedzisiro inotorwa kubva nhanho-nhanho kubviswa kweiyo mechanical theoretical system uye kushandiswa kwayo muinjiniya maitiro. Sehwaro hwakakosha hwekugadzirwa kweinjiniya, theoretical mechanics inoshanda semusimboti wekutanga unofanirwa kuteverwa mukugadzirwa kwesimbi. Mechanics yemidziyo inotsanangura miganhu yekuchengetedza yenhengo dzesimbi dzakasimba, ichipa yakasimba theoretical tsigiro yekuongororwa kwemidziyo yesimbi, kuongororwa kwesimba renhengo uye kusimbisa simba. Structural mechanics inochengetedza kugadzikana uye kuchengetedzeka kweiyo yese zvimiro sisitimu, ichipa hwaro hwesainzi hwekusarudzwa kwemafomu, kugovera kwesimba remukati uye kuongorora kugadzikana kwehurongwa. Iko kusanganiswa uye kwakazara kushandiswa kweaya matatu dzidziso inozopedzisira yaumba iyo yakazara logic yesimbi chimiro dhizaini.

Mukuita engineering,simbi yakagadzirwadhizaini haimboshandisi bazi rimwechete remechanical theory mukuzviparadzanisa nevamwe. Panzvimbo iyoyo, inovimba neiyo synergistic mhedzisiro yeaya matatu ekuranga kugadzirisa akasiyana einjiniya matambudziko. Kunyangwe ari makuru-akakosha mapurojekiti akadai sezvivakwa zvesimbi-anokwirisa uye mabhiriji esimbi akareba-refu, kana zvinhu zvidiki zvesimbi zvinosanganisira simbi-chimiro canopies nemafuremu emabhasikoro, dhizaini yavo yese haiparadzaniswe kubva murutsigiro rwakabatanidzwa rwemichina yedzidziso, makanika ezvishandiso uye zvimiro.

III. Zvinoshanda Zvinokosha

Chinhu chakakosha chekugadzirwa kwesimbi chiri mukusarudzwa kwesainzi uye kushandisa zvine musoro kwemidziyo yesimbi. Iyo mechanic properties yesimbi inotarisisa iyo yakazara dhizaini nzira, pakati peiyo simba, kuoma uye goho muganho ndiwo matatu akakosha zviratidzo zvekuona dhizaini kuchengetedzwa. Zvese zvimiro zvesimbi, zvinosanganisira matanda esimbi, makoramu esimbi, nhengo dzesimbi dzesimbi uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinongedzo, zvinoenderana nemitemo mina yakakosha yekuchinja mumunda wemakanika yezvinhu, iyo inoisawo hwaro hwakakosha hwekuongororwa kwesimba rose nemakanika ezvimiro.

Iyo yese maitiro ekugadzirwa kwesimbi dhizaini inotora matatu makuru maitiro emakanika emidziyo - kusimba, kuomarara uye kugadzikana - seyakanyanya dhizaini hwaro. Zvichakadaro, inoenderana nekugadzikana kwekutarisa zviyero zvezvimiro mechanics kune yakazara masisitimu sisitimu, kuitira kuti vagadzire zvinogoneka uye zvinogoneka zveinjiniya dhizaini zvirongwa. Mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi zvimiro masisitimu dzinoda dzinoenderana dzekuongorora uye computational nzira kubva kune zvimiro mechanics kuti ienderane neakasiyana mashandisirwo emamiriro emapurojekiti akasiyana, nekudaro kugadzira mafomu akajairwa ezvimiro senge truss zvimiro, akaomesesa-mafuremu zvimiro, grid zvimiro uye anoumbwa zvimiro.

Simbi chimirodhizaini inomiririra kubudirira kwehungwaru kwerudzi rwevanhu mukushandura nyika ine chinangwa nekuvimba nedzidziso dzemakanika uye kubatanidza zvinhu zvesimbi. Kuvakwa kwemapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirwa kwesimbi, kubva pazvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro uye mabhiriji ekuyambuka gungwa akareba kusvika kumashopu emaindasitiri nenzvimbo dzakakura dzetsika nemitambo, hazvigone kuitika pasina tsigiro yekudyidzana kweakawanda mechanicha maitiro, kana kwesainzi uye kwakaomarara kuronga kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi.